Medicare can feel confusing at first. With different parts, plans, and deadlines, many seniors are unsure what is covered and what is not. Understanding the basics makes it easier to choose the right coverage and avoid costly mistakes.

What Is Medicare?

Medicare is a federal health insurance program for people age 65 and older. Some younger individuals with certain disabilities also qualify.

It helps cover medical costs, but it does not pay for everything. Knowing what each part covers is key.

The Four Parts of Medicare

Medicare is divided into four main parts.

Part A
Covers hospital stays, skilled nursing care, hospice, and limited home health care. Most seniors do not pay a monthly premium for

Part B
Covers doctor visits, outpatient care, preventive services, and medical equipment. Part B requires a monthly premium.

Part C (Medicare Advantage)
Offered by private insurance companies. These plans combine Parts A and B and often include extra benefits like dental or vision coverage.

Part D
Covers prescription drugs. Part D plans are optional but helpful for managing medication costs.

What Medicare Does Not Cover

Medicare does not cover everything.

Common exclusions include:

• Long-term care
• Most dental care
• Vision exams and glasses
• Hearing aids

Many seniors choose additional coverage to fill these gaps.

When to Enroll in Medicare

Enrollment usually begins three months before turning 65 and ends three months after.

Missing this window can result in:

• Late enrollment penalties
• Gaps in coverage

It is important to review enrollment dates carefully.

Medicare Supplement Plans

Medicare Supplement plans, also called Medigap, help pay for costs that Original Medicare does not cover, such as copayments and deductibles.

These plans are optional and offered by private insurers.

Choosing the Right Medicare Coverage

The right choice depends on:

• Health needs
• Prescription medications
• Budget
• Preferred doctors and hospitals

Comparing plans annually helps ensure coverage still meets your needs.

Common Medicare Mistakes to Avoid

Some common mistakes include:

• Missing enrollment deadlines
• Not reviewing plan changes each year
• Assuming all doctors accept every plan
• Overlooking prescription coverage

Avoiding these mistakes can save money and frustration.

Final Thoughts

Medicare does not have to be overwhelming. Understanding the basics helps seniors make informed decisions and get the most from their coverage.

Taking time to learn your options now can prevent problems later and provide greater peace of mind.